ফিন্যান্স, ব্যাংকিং ও বিমা ১ম পত্র · অধ্যায় ৩ — MCQ ও উত্তর

এইচএসসি প্রস্তুতি · ফিন্যান্স, ব্যাংকিং ও বিমা ১ম পত্র। এই অধ্যায়ে মোট 394টি প্রশ্ন আছে। নিচে প্রথম 10টি প্রশ্ন ও সঠিক উত্তর দেওয়া হলো।

এই অধ্যায়ে সব প্রশ্নে অনুশীলন করুন

1. What causes the cost of debt to change?

   1. Inflation
   2. Monetary Policy
   3. Dividend
   4. Collateral

   সঠিক উত্তর: Inflation

   ব্যাখ্যা: Inflation reduces the purchasing power of money, leading lenders to demand higher interest rates to compensate.

2. Which factor's influence is adjusted when calculating the Effective Interest Rate (EIR)?

   1. Number of compounding periods
   2. Inflation
   3. Depreciation
   4. Tenure

   সঠিক উত্তর: Number of compounding periods

   ব্যাখ্যা: EIR measures the true annual interest rate by accounting for the frequency of compounding (m) within a year.

3. The discounting method—i. Is related to Present Valueii. Is the opposite of compoundingiii. Is a process to determine the amount of discount

   1. i & ii
   2. i & iii
   3. ii & iii
   4. i, ii & iii

   সঠিক উত্তর: i & ii

   ব্যাখ্যা: Discounting finds the Present Value (PV) by reversing compounding (FV). It determines the value, not just a "discount amount."

4. Stem: Mr. Rakib needs 5,00,000 Tk after 5 years for a project. He wants to deposit money at 9% interest for 5 years.Q: How much must Mr. Rakib deposit now?

   1. 3,01,406 Tk
   2. 3,12,972 Tk
   3. 3,24,966 Tk
   4. 3,30,338 Tk

   সঠিক উত্তর: 3,24,966 Tk

   ব্যাখ্যা: Using PV=(1+i)nFV​:PV=(1+0.09)5500,000​=324,965.7

5. Stem: (Same as above)Q: If the interest rate is 10%, how much must Mr. Rakib deposit?

   1. 3,01,460.66 Tk
   2. 3,10,460.66 Tk
   3. 3,19,560.76 Tk
   4. 3,10,460.67 Tk

   সঠিক উত্তর: 3,10,460.66 Tk

   ব্যাখ্যা: Using PV=(1+0.10)5500,000​=310,460.66

6. What is it called when an equal amount of money is deposited or withdrawn every year?

   1. Present Value
   2. Annuity
   3. Compounding
   4. Future Value

   সঠিক উত্তর: Annuity

   ব্যাখ্যা: An Annuity is a series of equal payments or receipts occurring at regular intervals.

7. What is it called when equal payments are made at the end of each year?

   1. Perpetuity
   2. Deferred Annuity
   3. Annuity Due
   4. Ordinary Annuity

   সঠিক উত্তর: Ordinary Annuity

   ব্যাখ্যা: If payments occur at the end of the period, it is an Ordinary Annuity.

8. Which factor's influence is adjusted in calculating the Effective Interest Rate?

   1. Number of years
   2. Number of compounding periods
   3. Inflation
   4. Interest rate

   সঠিক উত্তর: Number of compounding periods

   ব্যাখ্যা: (Same as Q2) The "m" value (compounding frequency) is the key variable in the EIR formula.

9. Stem: Mr. Rafi took a loan of 4,00,000 Tk at 14% interest for 5 years. He will pay equal annual installments.Q: How much is each installment?

   1. 1,02,205
   2. 1,16,513
   3. 2,07,747
   4. 70,166

   সঠিক উত্তর: 1,16,513

   ব্যাখ্যা: Using PVA=A×[i1−(1+i)−n​]:400,000=A×3.433; A≈116,513.

10. Which of the following is calculated using the formula PV=iA​?

    1. Present Value of Deferred Annuity
    2. Present Value of Perpetuity
    3. Present Value of Annuity Due
    4. Present Value of Ordinary Annuity

    সঠিক উত্তর: Present Value of Perpetuity

    ব্যাখ্যা: PV=iA​ is the formula for a Perpetuity (an infinite stream of equal payments).