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Medical Anatomy — MCQ ও উত্তর

মেডিকেল ভর্তি · । এই অধ্যায়ে মোট 728টি প্রশ্ন আছে। নিচে প্রথম 10টি প্রশ্ন ও সঠিক উত্তর দেওয়া হলো।

এই অধ্যায়ে সব প্রশ্নে অনুশীলন করুন

  1. Which cell organelle is mainly involved in producing energy?

    1. Ribosome
    2. Lysosome
    3. Mitochondria
    4. Golgi apparatus

    সঠিক উত্তর: Mitochondria

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option C

  2. Which organelle in the cell is primarily responsible for synthesizing proteins?

    1. Nucleus
    2. Ribosome
    3. Golgi apparatus
    4. Lysosome

    সঠিক উত্তর: Ribosome

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option B

  3. What nickname is commonly given to the lysosome?

    1. The suicide bag of the cell
    2. The powerhouse of the cell
    3. The site of protein synthesis
    4. The carrier of genetic material

    সঠিক উত্তর: The suicide bag of the cell

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option A

  4. Which of the following organelles is unique to plant cells?

    1. Mitochondria
    2. Chloroplast
    3. Ribosome
    4. Nucleus

    সঠিক উত্তর: Chloroplast

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option B The correct answer is Chloroplast.- Among the organelles listed, the chloroplast is unique to plant cells and some algae. - Chloroplasts are responsible for the process of photosynthesis, where light energy is converted into chemical energy to produce glucose and oxygen. - This organelle contains the pigment chlorophyll, which gives plants their green color and plays a key role in capturing light energy.In contrast, the other organelles:- Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells and are responsible for generating cellular energy through cellular respiration.- Ribosomes are present in all living cells (both prokaryotic and eukaryotic) and are the sites of protein synthesis.- The nucleus is also found in both plant and animal cells and contains the cell’s genetic material that controls cell activities.Reference: Biology, Campbell and Reece, Volume 1, Chapter 6 / Page 102

  5. Which of the following structures acts as a semi-permeable barrier?

    1. Golgi body
    2. Cell membrane
    3. Nucleolus
    4. Cytoplasm

    সঠিক উত্তর: Cell membrane

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option B

  6. During which stage of mitosis do chromosomes line up along the cell's middle plane?

    1. Anaphase
    2. Telophase
    3. Metaphase
    4. Prophase

    সঠিক উত্তর: Metaphase

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option C

  7. In which stage of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?

    1. M phase
    2. S phase
    3. G2 phase
    4. G1 phase

    সঠিক উত্তর: S phase

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option B

  8. Which process of cell division produces gametes?

    1. Mitosis
    2. Binary fission
    3. Meiosis
    4. Budding

    সঠিক উত্তর: Meiosis

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option C

  9. Which cellular organelle is primarily responsible for energy production and is commonly referred to as the 'powerhouse' of the cell?

    1. Mitochondria
    2. Golgi apparatus
    3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
    4. Lysosomes

    সঠিক উত্তর: Mitochondria

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option A - The cellular organelle primarily responsible for energy production is the mitochondria, often referred to as the "powerhouse of the cell." - This organelle plays a crucial role in generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell’s main energy currency, through a process called cellular respiration. - Within the mitochondria, nutrients such as glucose are broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP, which fuels various cellular activities.- In contrast, the Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids; the rough endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins; and lysosomes are responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris.Therefore, because of its central role in energy metabolism and ATP production, the mitochondria is correctly identified as the cell's powerhouse.Reference: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th Edition, Chapter 3: Cellular Structure and Function / Page 48

  10. Which cellular structure houses the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell?

    1. Mitochondrion
    2. Nucleus
    3. Ribosome
    4. Endoplasmic reticulum

    সঠিক উত্তর: Nucleus

    ব্যাখ্যা: সমাধান সঠিক উত্তর: Option B The correct answer is Nucleus.- In a eukaryotic cell, the genetic material, which consists primarily of DNA, is enclosed within a specialized membrane-bound structure called the nucleus. - This organelle serves as the control center of the cell, regulating gene expression and mediating the replication of DNA during the cell cycle. - Unlike prokaryotic cells, where DNA floats freely in the cytoplasm, the eukaryotic nucleus provides a protected environment for maintaining the integrity of the genetic information.- The mitochondrion is involved in energy production through cellular respiration but does not house the main genetic material.- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis but do not contain DNA.- The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis but also does not contain genetic material.Reference: Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, Chapter 4, Page 150

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